ADHD medications work by affecting the levels of neurotransmitters in the brain, particularly dopamine and norepinephrine, either by increasing monoamine neurotransmitter levels by inhibition of vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2) (e.g., amphetamines) (Martin and Le, 2024) or by inhibition of the presynaptic norepinephrine transporter (e.g., atomoxetine). The gene discussed is SLC18A2; the disease is attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder.