NPPB and heart failure: HFpEF: heart failure with preserved ejection fraction; HFrEF: heart failure with reduced ejection fraction; HF: heart failure; LVEF: left ventricular ejection fraction; NYHA: New York Heart Association; NT-proBNP: N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide; T2DM: type 2 diabetes mellitus; CKD: chronic kidney disease; CV: cardiovascular; HR: hazard ratio; CI: confidence interval