High TNF-α levels can also: (1) promote the production of maternal prohormone E2, interfere with the coagulation system, and facilitate the formation of blood clots in the fetal disc; (2) damage decidual blood vessels, causing vessel retraction and impeding the normal blood supply to embryonic and fetal tissues, potentially leading to tissue necrosis, abortion, and infertility; (3) High TNF-α levels also impair decidual blood vessels, causing blood vessel retraction, which disrupts the normal blood flow to embryonic and fetal tissues. This evidence concerns the gene TNF and Infertility.