PLOD1 and hyperandrogenism: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex, heterogeneous disease that is a primary cause of infertility among reproductive-aged women, which is characterized by clinical and/or biochemical hyperandrogenism (HA), ovulation dysfunction, and polycystic ovary morphology (PCOM) (1), alongside elevated luteinizing hormone (LH) levels and increased LH-to-follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) ratio (2).