As shown in Fig. 3, the AUC values ​​of ALT, AST, and the ALT/AST ratio for identifying diabetes fluctuated between 0.59 and 0.64, with Youden index fluctuating between 0.17 and 0.22 (Supplementary Table 4), suggesting that ALT, AST, and the ALT/AST ratio have a certain predictive value in assessing future diabetes risk (Supplementary Fig. 5). Here, GPT is linked to diabetes mellitus.