Expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-6, known to be involved in the pathobiology of sepsis [34–36], is increased in the plasma of mice 24 h after onset of CLP-induced sepsis compared with Sham surgery, and administration of hTSCs to septic mice led to a significant reduction in IL-6 levels (Fig. 4a). The gene discussed is IL6; the disease is Sepsis.