IL-18 treatment enhances antitumor immunity, and components of the IL-18 pathway have been reported to be upregulated in tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes.32 IL-18, originally termed interferon-gamma-inducing factor, is a cytokine produced by various cells and tissues that bridges innate and adaptive immunity.33 IL-18 may play a dual role in tumor immune biology. Here, IL18 is linked to neoplasm.