In addition, colonic tissue mitochondria of mice in the DSS group presented typical pathological alterations as observed by TEM, manifested by reduced mitochondrial cristae density, volume reduction, and vacuolization, whereas DPG treatment significantly restored the mitochondrial ultrastructure of colitis mice (Figure 6J), indicating an essential role of HMGB1 in inducing ferroptosis in IECs. The gene discussed is HMGB1; the disease is colitis.