STAT3 and in situ carcinoma: Prior to CIS injection, the expression of Nrf2 was significantly elevated by the administration of 50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg of STH, whilst, on the other hand, a profound decline was observed in STAT3 and caspase-3 protein expression in a dose-dependent manner when compared with the CIS-injected rats (Figures 6A–D).