Existing studies mainly support the oncogenic role of miR-145 in urological tumours, but a few evidences suggest that it may exert a pro-tumourigenic function in the metastatic stage of bladder cancer by down-regulating targets such as NDRG1 (Jiang et al., 2017; Heishima et al., 2023). Here, NDRG1 is linked to urinary bladder cancer.