OAS1 and urinary bladder carcinoma: Exogenous miR-145 significantly enhances the expression levels of interferon (IFN)-β, 2′-5′-oligoadenylate synthetase 1 (which is upstream of the 2′-5′ oligoadenylate/RNase L system), and TRAIL in bladder cancer T24 and NKB1 cells, leading to apoptotic cell death in human bladder cancer cells.