Furthermore, based on genes associated with C1 NDUFAB1+ subtype, we developed and verified a predictive risk scoring model, revealing that individuals in the high-risk group exhibited poorer clinical outcomes, and their TME exhibited significant immunosuppressive characteristics, further supporting the significant impact of C1 NDUFAB1+ subtype in tumor progression and immune evasion. The gene discussed is NDUFAB1; the disease is neoplasm.