In the dual-seropositive patients, TGF-β1 was lower in the MTX-treated RA patients compared to the naive patients (p = 0.013) and in the dual-seronegative patients, TNF-α was decreased in the MTX-treated RA patients in comparison to naive patients (p = 0.043). The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is rheumatoid arthritis.