As lower expression of Lyve1 in tumor sites was identified by spatial transcriptomics analysis in this study (Fig. 3h) and lymphatic angiogenesis was often driven by VEGF-families, we subsequently explored the correlation of VEGF-families with CCL21, CCL19, Pecam1 (CD31) and Lyve1 by the TCGA database of HCC. The gene discussed is PECAM1; the disease is hepatocellular carcinoma.