INS and diabetes mellitus: For example, reprogramming proinflammatory macrophages into anti-inflammatory phenotypes or converting white fat precursors into beige adipocytes offers novel therapeutic strategies.353 In diabetes, converting nonendocrine pancreatic cells into insulin-producing β-like cells provides a promising avenue for restoring glycemic control, including in cases of drug-induced or cancer therapy—related hyperglycemia.354 Beyond metabolic disease, tissue reprogramming offers critical insights into immune evasion in oncology.