Among 110 individuals identified to carry between 30 and 100 repeats in C9orf72, the cumulative incidence by age 80 of ALS was only marginally higher than in matched controls by Kaplan–Meier modelling [2.8% (0%–6.7%) versus 0.5% (0%–1.5%), Plog-rank < 0.001; Supplementary Table 6 and Supplementary Fig. 6]. The gene discussed is C9orf72; the disease is amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.