Researchsuggests that a large influx of BAs into the colon may lead to variousdiseases, including diarrhea, metabolic disorders, and necrotizingenterocolitis. The cytotoxic mechanismsof BA-induced mucosal damage include detergent effects that disruptcell membranes and nondetergent effects such as apoptosis., Zhou et al., using a dextran sulfate sodium-induced (DSS)-inducedchronic colitis mouse model, found that the PPARα-UGT axis wasexcessively activated during colitis progression, leading to BA metabolicimbalance. This resulted in enhancedBA synthesis in the liver. The gene discussed is PPARA; the disease is Other metabolic disease.