Dysregulated copper metabolism may result in diseases such as Menkes disease and Wilson disease (a disease of excess copper), as well as diseases linked to interacting genes (such as SNCA) or to dysfunction of metalloenzymes such as SOD1 which is linked to familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) (Gale and Aizenman, 2024; Mielke et al., 2024). This evidence concerns the gene SNCA and Menkes disease.