MAPT and Alzheimer disease: Their findings show that EV TDP-43 levels and 3R/4R tau isoform ratios effectively discriminate between diagnostic groups and strongly correlate with disease severity, highlighting their potential as biomarkers for FTD disease monitoring.12 DLB is a common form of cognitive neurodegenerative disease, yet only one-third of patients receive accurate diagnoses, primarily due to its clinical similarities with AD and PD.