APOL1 and hypertensive disorder: More than 100 loci associated with blood pressure (BP) and around 100 genetic loci associated with kidney function have been identified from GWAS, including genetic variants in or near APOL1, UMOD, SHROOM3 and E3 ubiquitin ligases.(12-14) The majority of these GWAS have been conducted in primarily European ancestry populations, though some of the risk variants have been identified specifically in AA, such as ARMC5 for HTN and APOL1 for CKD.(15) However, the individual genetic variants display small effect sizes and only partially explain the heritability of these traits.