TMEM233 and brain cancer: TMEM233 encodes a membrane protein and may play a role in cell signaling and homeostasis, and a gene fusion involving TMEM233 has been reported in Hurthle cell carcinoma.24) TENM1 is involved in nerve development and cell adhesion and has been implicated in thyroid and brain cancers.26) While the roles of these genes in IMT remain unclear, they may be related to tumor architecture or growth.