GDF15 and neoplasm: For PFS, tumor number (HR, 1.512; 95% CI, 1.008-2.268; p = 0.046), extrahepatic metastasis (HR, 1.644; 95% CI, 1.064-2.540; p = 0.025), and serum GDF15 (HR, 1.521; 95% CI, 1.014-2.283; p = 0.043) were independent predictors (Table 3, Figure 3D).