In esophageal malignancy (EC), excessive hypomethylation of well-recognized biomarkers, such as PD-L1 and HER2, has given rise to their overexpression within the tumor microenvironment, thereby endowing it with immunosuppressive characteristics.619,620 DNA methylation indeed has the capacity to influence the transcription of PD-L1, thereby fostering resistance to immunotherapy. This evidence concerns the gene CD274 and neoplasm.