PTEN and glioma: In gliomas, circ_0008344 can function as a molecular for miR-433-3p and promote the transcription of RNF2, thereby promoting radiotherapy resistance.505 In esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, circVRK1 positively regulates PTEN by operating as a molecular sink for miR-624-3p, and the upregulated PTEN suppresses the functionality of the PI3K/AKT signaling cascade, leading to increased radiotherapy sensitivity in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.506 Additionally, circRNAs affect tumor radioresistance by influencing glycolysis.