NSUN3 and neoplasm: Moreover, it has been elucidated that NSUN3-facilitated m5C methylation of tRNA potentiates metastatic progression by augmenting the translational efficiency of mitochondrial mRNA.276 The immune cell infiltration associated with NSUN3 predominantly encompasses CD8+ T lymphocytes and M2-polarized macrophages,273,277,278 which suggests its role in modulating the tumor microenvironment.