OTUB1 and cancer: This enzyme is found to be upregulated in radioresistant NPC, where it enhances the radioresistance of the cancer cells,477 This enhancement is achieved by promoting the activity of the deubiquitinase OTUB1, which in turn mediates anti-ferroptosis, a process that stabilizes the expression of SLC7A11 and is crucial in human cancer.478 Beyond its role in DNA DSB repair, excision repair also contributes to radioresistance.