ALK and non-small cell lung carcinoma: Historically, translational and clinical research endeavors, including in ALK+ NSCLC, have primarily been centered at a single or a select few large academic centers, subject to sample bias and concerns regarding the generalizability of the knowledge thus generated.18, 21–23 The ENIGMA+ framework surpasses these limitations and, in parallel, begins to tackle aspects of longstanding disparities in clinical research participation.24