CCN2 and urinary bladder cancer: In addtion, in models of breast cancer, sarcoma, and bladder cancer, YAP binds with Smad2/3 to activate different target genes such as neuronal growth regulator 1 (NEGR1), hyaluronan-mediated motility receptor (HMMR), and CTGF (Hiemer et al., 2014; Ye et al., 2020).