NFKB1 and neoplasm: NF-κB1 (p50) is a critical component of the NF-κB signaling pathway that is frequently dysregulated in human gastric cancer, where it can function as either a tumor suppressor or oncogene depending on the cellular context and disease stage, making this model highly relevant for understanding the complex role of NF-κB signaling in human gastric carcinogenesis (Kravtsova-Ivantsiv et al., 2015; Yu et al., 2014).