Here, a confirmed case of STEC is defined as a clinically compatible illness (AG or HUS or Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura), accompanied by laboratory definitive evidence by either culture-based isolation of STEC, or detection of the genes (stx1 and/or stx2) associated with the production of Stx (Health New Zealand Te Whatu Ora, 2012b). The gene discussed is STX1A; the disease is hemolytic-uremic syndrome.