Elevated levels of antibodies to cow’s milk components, including antibodies to bovin beta-lactoglobulin, casein and bovin serum albumin, have been reported in patients with T1D (10–14), leading to increased gut permeability and its possible association with the pathogenesis of T1D (7, 14, 15). This evidence concerns the gene ENSG00000236543 and type 1 diabetes mellitus.