In vitro and in vivo studies on NCI-H520 and SK-MES-1 human lung squamous cell carcinoma cell lines showed that deguelin could downregulate the expression of galectin-1 in a time-concentration-dependent manner, thereby inhibiting the MAPK signaling pathway and inducing the apoptosis of lung squamous cell carcinoma cells (Yan et al., 2016). This evidence concerns the gene LGALS1 and squamous cell lung carcinoma.