Infection rates: 30-day: 4.8% (probiotic) vs. 34.8% (placebo), p=0.02. 90-day: 4.8% vs. 47.8%, p=0.002. Graft function: lower bilirubin (p=0.02) and faster AST/ALT decline (p=0.03) in the probiotic group. Mortality: no deaths in the probiotic group vs. 4.3% in the placebo group (p>0.99). Microbiota: increased Bacteroides spp. (p=0.008) and Enterococcus spp. (p=0.04) in the probiotic group. The gene discussed is GPT; the disease is infection.