Clinical data show that the ALPS index of AD patients is significantly lower than that of healthy controls, and this index is significantly correlated with key pathological indicators such as the degree of cognitive decline, Aβ/tau deposition levels, and gray matter integrity, indicating its potential value as a diagnostic biomarker for AD (Taoka et al., 2017; Steward et al., 2021; Ota et al., 2022; Chang et al., 2023). Here, MAPT is linked to Mental deterioration.