APOB and cancer: Among these, Sig4, Sig7, and Sig10 did not correspond to known signatures in the Catalogue of Somatic Mutations in Cancer (COSMIC) database.26 The remaining signatures were matched to COSMIC as follows: Sig1 and Sig3 were associated with APOBEC (apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme, catalytic polypeptide-like) activity; Sig2 with spontaneous deamination of 5-methylcytosine; Sig5 with reactive oxygen species (ROS) damage; Sig6 with defective homologous recombination DNA damage repair; and Sig8 and Sig 11 with potential sequencing artifacts.