However, while these results indicate a correlation, further studies are required to elucidate the direct impact of RT-ZnO NPs on the activation or inhibition of the p53/STAT3 signalling pathway, These results demonstrate the potential of RT-ZnO NPs as a potential option for targeted PC therapy, with minimal effects on healthy cells, highlighting their usefulness in cancer nanomedicine and the development of environmentally friendly therapeutics. Here, TP53 is linked to cancer.