TNF and infection: We investigated the effects of mPGES-1 inhibitors (MF63 and MK886) on the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6), the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10, and the chemokine IL-8 in macrophages infected with E. coli at a multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 5:1.