IL1B and multiple sclerosis: Elevated levels were found in cerebrospinal fluid and brain tissue of patients with multiple sclerosis and in corresponding animal models, where miR-142-3p contributed to IL-1β-mediated glutamatergic synaptopathy and excitotoxic damage.54 Functionally, miR-142-3p downregulates the astroglial glutamate-aspartate transporter, enhancing synaptic excitability and neurodegeneration in inflammatory CNS conditions.