Among small-molecule agents, BRAF/MEK inhibitors (e.g., Vemurafenib/Cobimetinib) combined with PD-L1 blockade (Atezolizumab) exert dual effects: rapid tumor burden reduction via MAPK pathway inhibition and enhanced T cell infiltration by upregulating tumor antigens and MHC-I expression, thus improving blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability. Here, BRAF is linked to neoplasm.