Moreover, activation of CD8+ T cells induces the release of various cytokine, such as tissue necrotic factor (TNF)-α and interferon (IFN)-γ, creating a positive feedback loop that further activates CD8+ T cells (22) and allows M2-type polarized macrophages to convert into M1-type and exert anti-tumor immune effects (23). This evidence concerns the gene IFNG and neoplasm.