Combined with SGLT2 inhibitors, which reduce local glomerular pressure, oxidative stress, and inflammation, this pairing synergistically mitigates tubular stress, proteinuria, and fibrosis, offering robust renal protection (133).Anti-TGF-β antibodies directly inhibit the TGF-β pathway, a key driver of renal fibrosis, reducing extracellular matrix deposition and fibroblast proliferation. Here, TGFB1 is linked to renal fibrosis.