PDK1 and neoplasm: Immunohistochemical analysis of tumor tissues revealed that Liensinine treatment led to a marked reduction in the expression levels of HK2, PDK1, and HIF-1α, while increasing the expression of IDH3B, UQCRC1, and phosphorylated AMPK (P-AMPK) (Fig. 6B-C and Figure S4B-C).