Glycemic outcomes were assessed by time-to-event analysis of a hyperglycemic (two PG measurements ≥ 11.1 mmol/L), severe hyperglycemic (PG > 20 mmol/L), hypoglycemic (< 3.8 mmol/L) event or use of insulin, adjusted for age, diabetes status, hospital site, and mechanical ventilation. Here, INS is linked to diabetes mellitus.