Conversely, in the male subgroup, CYMA (Q2, Q3) and PGA (Q2) showed a positive association with sarcopenia risk.For the younger subgroup (age < 40 years), the model identified positive associations with sarcopenia for ACTA (Q2, Q3), CEMA (Q2, Q3), CYMA (Q3, Q4), MA (Q4), and MHBMA3 (Q3). Here, ACTA1 is linked to sarcopenia.