In agreement with the concept of an increased rate of polyclonality of non-invasive urothelial neoplasms, studies analyzing p53 alterations in bladder cancer have found multiple different mutations and non-mutated neoplastic clones in one tumor foci of many non-invasive neoplasms while only one of these neoplastic cloned managed to become invasive eventually31. The gene discussed is TP53; the disease is urothelial neoplasm.