LPL and familial chylomicronemia syndrome: The genetic form of persistent chylomicronemia, called familial chylomicronemia syndrome (FCS), is a rare mendelian autosomal recessive disorder caused by a biallelic combination of pathogenic variants in the lipoprotein lipase (LPL) gene or the LPL machinery (APOA5, APOC2, GPIHBP1, LMF1, CREB3L3) (4, 5) leading to LPL deficiency, sustained accumulation of chylomicrons in the bloodstream and persistent severe hypertriglyceridemia (sHTG) (4, 5).