In contrast, consistent with the findings in Nfat5+/– and WT mice, there were no differences in the symptoms of DSS-induced colitis between the cohoused Nfat5IEC-KO and Nfat5fl/fl mice, suggesting the essential role of gut microbiota in protecting against Nfat5 deficiency–accelerated colitis (Figure 3, D–F). The gene discussed is NFAT5; the disease is colitis.