CD4 and neoplasm: Notably, although DHN treatment had minimal impact on the proportions of CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, or NK cells within the tumor microenvironment, it markedly enhanced the activation status of these cells, as evidenced by increased proportions of IFN-γ+, TNF-α+, perforin (PFN)+, and granzyme B+/CD8+ T cells as well as IFN-γ+, PFN+, and granzyme B+/NK cells (Figure 10E).