Strikingly, IFN-γ suppressed induction of canonical PGE2-cAMP target genes such as CREM, HBEGF, HIF1A, PLAUR, KDM6B, AREG, VEGFA, and genes in RA pathogenic gene modules and expressed in RA synovial macrophage cluster 1 (corresponding to cluster 1 in Kuo et al., 2019 and Figure 2), such as IL-1 and Notch pathway genes and neutrophil chemokines CXCL1/2/3/5/8 (Figure 8A and B, Figure 8—figure supplement 1B). Here, HBEGF is linked to rheumatoid arthritis.