INS and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: Obesity is closely linked to insulin resistance, a key factor in the pathogenesis of T2DM, and together, they increase an individual’s mortality risk sevenfold.35 The Look AHEAD Study demonstrated the benefits of weight loss in patients with T2DM, showing that a 5%-10% reduction in body weight can improve overall fitness, lower HbA1c levels, reduce CVD risks and decrease the need for GLDs, antihypertensives and lipid-lowering medications after 1 year.35 Approximately 76.6% of the patients in this study were on insulin or dual combination therapy (insulin with OGLDs).