Compared with Dsg3-negative PF patients, Dsg3-positive PV patients (Dsg1-Dsg3+, Dsg1+Dsg3+) were more prone to mucosal lesion, reflecting the central role of Dsg3 antibodies in mucosal damage, in agreement with the clinical consensus (Supplementary Figure 2) (3, 18). Here, DSG1 is linked to pemphigus foliaceus.