ALK and large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma: However, recent reports have described cases of patients with LCNEC harboring actionable driver mutations such as epidermal growth factor receptor mutations, anaplastic lymphoma kinase rearrangements, rearranged during transfection fusions, and B-Raf proto-oncogene serine/threonine kinase V600E mutations that have shown responsiveness to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (42–45).