MSTN and sarcopenia: Conversely, the serum MSTN levels were significantly lower in participants with severe sarcopenia [149.1 (119.4–186.1) pg/ml vs. 204.0 (189.6–219.4) pg/ml, p=0.009], low HS [168.7 (150.0–189.8) pg/ml vs. 215.0 (197.4–234.0) pg/ml, p=0.001], or poor PP [190.9 (176.8–206.2) pg/ml vs. 236.9 (197.8–283.7) pg/ml, p=0.033] compared with their respective counterparts (Figure 1B).