GPT and diabetes mellitus: In model 2, the OR was 0.70 (95% CI, 0.64–0.76) after adjusting for demographic factors (age, sex, race, marital status, education), anthropometric indicators (BMI, waist circumference), lifestyle factors (smoking, drinking), protein intake and clinical variables (hypertension, diabetes, NLR, ALT, AST, creatinine, uric acid, blood urea nitrogen).